Factory Farming for the Future Essays

Factory Farming for the Future Essays Factory Farming for the Future Essay Factory Farming for the Future Essay Moon Baby Amy Chaos Critical Thinking: Farming for the Future The United States government should subsidize the feed of animals on Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (Cafes), because this method of producing food is efficient, cost-effective, and in terms of economics, is favorable overall compared to the traditional idea of a farm. A modern practice implemented since the sasss, factory farming has revolutionized the meat industry, producing mass amounts of cheap meat with less land space than is needed for more primitive forms of raising domestic livestock for food. Commonly recognized for its industrial approach to reducing meat, the use of Cafes accounts for the 9. 5 billion food animals slaughtered in the United States every year (Cutouts 3). The mass production of such large quantities of meat allow peoples of all economic classes the opportunity to consume animal products and is practical in this day and age. Cafes have become a global phenomenon in the past decades and is on the rise, especially in the United States because of government subsidizing. : The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) supplies commodity based agriculture subsidies based on units of output (Earth. Org). This product based reward system encourages competitiveness between companies and a standard of agricultural production that is above an efficient level, thus resulting in cheaper goods (Earth. Org). The U. S. Government should continue to subsidize Cafes as it currently does, spending $16 million between 1996 and 2002 (Earth. Org). Another cost effective aspect of factory farming is vertical integration, a process utilized by most large-scale companies which mean they control all aspects of production, including animal rearing, feeding, slaughtering, packaging and distribution (Farrell) because it gives the farmer or many more control over costs and creates a more desirable input to output ratio. In addition, factory farming is necessary in mitigating some of the most prominent issues in America, poverty and malnutrition. While critics of Cafes insist that they impact the environment negatively and treat animals unethically, the truth of the matter is that nearly 12 million kids in the U. S. Do not have guaranteed meals or food sources due to financial difficulties (sidecars. Org). Producing nearly 99% of all animals farmed and slaughtered in America (cows, pigs, chickens, and fish), factory farms can souse more than 125,000 animals under one roof (forwarded. Org) and provide a significant amount of sustenance for millions of people. Lastly, in this day and age, farmers are getting increasingly lower wages for the amount of goods they produce. Small family farms have been replaced with large corporations since WI, decreasing by 39% between 1969 and 2002 (Earth. Org). Many factors have influenced this change including a decreased interest in farming, urban population growth, and increased efficiency of farms (e factory farming). The only way for modern day farmers to catch up with this rapidly evolving industry, Cafes need to be implemented. A prime example is Jim Hamilton, a farmer in Wyoming, who reported that in 1979 he charged $1. 10 per pound of beef but in 2002 only received $0. 86. Lower prices for agricultural products impact a farmers life tremendously not to past. Cafes are necessary for the problems and needs of today and should continue to be a priority for the U. S. Government to sustain and subsidize. The elimination of poverty, malnutrition, and the quality of life for many American farmers depend on the institution of factory farming as it is efficient and maximizes profit through mass production.

Learn How to Do English Creative Writing Essays without Breaking a Sweat

Learn How to Do English Creative Writing Essays without Breaking a Sweat Learn How to Do English Creative Writing Essays without Breaking a Sweat Do you need help with English creative writing essays? Not to worry, help is here. This guide on creative writing essays will help you with your next imaginative masterpiece. What is a Creative Writing Essay? A creative essay is a non-fiction work that gives specific care to the visual quality, look and feel of the writing, describing details in such a way that the reader can live the story in their mind as well. This type of essay is generally told from the writer’s perspective. While they are non-fiction, they are an imaginative and vivid telling of true events. Pre-Writing Exercises Before you start writing take some time to do a few prewriting exercises. Start by journaling your thoughts. This is just a random collection of your thoughts so no subjects are off limits and no style is required. Just write down your thoughts and ideas for the paper. With a creative essay you might talk about an event that happened to you or someone you know. Try and think of an event others would be interested in hearing, or an event you are able to talk about imaginatively. Just write whatever details come to mind. Be sure to spend some time here and return to the task after setting it aside for a while to give your mind time to think about new ideas and process what you have written. Paper Organization Begin creating an outline. In a creative writing essay, if it is a story, generally something happens. Write the timeline of events from your point of view. You can list events sequentially, if that is how you plan to tell them. Or, if you want to add a twist to your paper, you could even start the paper describing the end scene, and then circle back and explain the event. It is up to you as to how to tell the story. This is also a good time to write a character sketch for each participant in the story so you can include interesting details about your characters and reference the sketch if you run out of ideas. Writing Your Essay Once you have the outline completed, this part should flow better. Now you just need to tell the reader about the events in the outline in a way they will find interesting and engaging. Be sure to describe events in detail. Include details like what you or others were thinking, how certain things felt. Consider all the senses, sight, sound, touch, taste can all be described. Was certain music playing during the event? How does listening to that same sample of music feel today? Does it bring back memories of the event? Remember facial expressions or any unique movements you remember and describe those to the reader. Any interesting detail can be included to put the reader into the scene you have in your mind. Since this is creative writing, you do not need to limit the way you express the events, they only need to have actually occurred, since it is also non-fiction. Following these steps and keeping these details in your mind will really help when it comes to creative writing paper.

A comparison between western and east Asian philosophies Essay

A comparison between western and east Asian philosophies - Essay Example To begin, let us consider the prevailing East Asian mindset that typically goes into the consideration of areas of law and justice. It should be noted that East Asian thought typically includes a wide range of traditional philosophies combining a mix of Japanese, Korean, and Chinese ideas that span more than 2,500 years of history (Moody 166). The focus on this comparison with the West, however, will primarily deal with the Chinese influence, dating back as far as 221 Before the Common Era. In considering how issues related to law and justice related back to both the preimperial Confucian stage, in addition to the incorporation of Daoist traditions, one must consider both historical and philosophical teachings. Even during ancient times, penal codes were enforced as a sense of corrective justice, but Confucius espoused a system whereby the political emphasis in Eastern philosophy was to support a more elitist system where virtues of fairness were perceived to be the humane course of actions. Within this teaching, however, lied the incorporation of flexible standards that were to determine how opportunities and goods were to be distributive to the masses. This was referred to as distributive justice, which Confucian scholars taught was designed to eliminate the need for any type of corrective justice. In essence, the law is not to be applied equally to all classes of people, but the balance of power is to shift to the elite who then distributes justice to other as they see is best reflective of the times and the situations that society finds itself in.

Pre-hospital pharmacological management of narrow complex tachycardias Essay

Pre-hospital pharmacological management of narrow complex tachycardias - Essay Example There will be a general overview of the arrhythmias followed by more specific with treatment guidelines. Supporting research will be investigated in an effort to determine credible practice guidelines. The narrow complex tachycardias include sinus tachycardia (ST), atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT), atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AVRT), atrial tachycardia (AT), inappropriate sinus tachycardia (IST), sinoatrial nodal reentrant tachycardia (SNRT), junctional ectopic tachycardia (JET), nonparoxysmal junctional tachycardia (NPJT), atrial fibrillation (AF), atrial flutter (AFI), and multifocal atrial tachycardia (MAT). Symptomology that may occur with these tachyarrhythmia’s are hypotension, heart failure, or pulmonary congestion, shortness of breath, renal failure, shock, decreased consciousness, angina or acute MI (Podrid, 2008). If these symptoms are occurring cardioversion is recommended. The state of stability of the patient who is pre-hospital is of course the focus of care. Determining the nature of narrow QRS tachyarrhythmia is necessary and an EKG is of great importance at this point. When we consider pathogenesis, reentry is the most common cause of QRS complex tachycardia. The mechanism of reentry requires two distinct pathways or tissues in the heart that have different electrophysiological properties that are linked proximally and distally, forming a circuit that is anatomic or functional (Ansdorf & Ganz, 2009). You will note the following diagrams. AVNRT as shown above is characterized by two pathways within the AV node. AVRT also shown above is characterized by an extranodal accessory pathway connecting the atrium and ventricle. Wolf-Parkinson White syndrome would fall into this category. SNRT and reentrant tachycardia do not involve the AV node (Arnsdorf, 2009). There are also other mechanisms that lead to narrow QRS complex tachycardia. Those include automaticity

Post-war inequalities in British health and education Essay Example for Free

Post-war inequalities in British health and education Essay Poverty or low disposable income often results in an inadequate environment and not only for the obvious lack of resources such as books, pens and paper. Damp housing can have severe effects on health resulting in lower school attendance rates, or low concentration levels if child is often feeling unwell. Not having an allocated area to study is also an important factor. Kellet and Dar (2007) discovered that in low income areas where housing was cramped, children claimed that Television was a distraction from homework because of the noise Other distractions in the home environment were smoking, swearing, banging and loud music. Also that homework clubs were vital to the success of children from disadvantaged families. This study was performed by children, with the guidance and research techniques of sociologists, there for it is perceived as having a deeper and more honest insight in to childrens issues. Other class factors resulting in underachievement may be less obvious. Values differ between class perspectives and affect a childs motivation. Bowes et al (1990, p119) states that working class children are more likely to leave school as soon as they can, to find a steady job. Where as the middle class value differed gratification and Socialise their children in to wanting to remain in education in the hope of a better job when they do leave. This was confirmed by the Child Development survey, which found middle class students staying on at school and achieving better examination results. The Home and The school study (1964) found that the degree of parents interest in their childrens education was the single, most important factor affecting attainment. (Haralambos et al, 2004, p102). It found that Middle class parents visited school more and were generally more interested in their childs education. It also states that an upper middle class child was five times more likely to get in to grammar school than a child from the lower working class. Further more most of the working class pupils who were successful, came from homes where the mothers were sunken middle class. They wanted their children to do well and expressed much parental interest, Bowes et al (1990, p119). This is because parental interest not only has a direct affect on the motivations and values of a child, but also on the school environment. Middle class parents, who often have more spare time and disposable income to invest in fundraising and extra curricular activities, can raise the standards of a school immeasurably. Making school a fun place to be, that is enjoyed by all the family, creates the positive learning environment that children thrive in. Quite understandably most working class parents are to busy earning a crust to find the time and energy to invest in such endeavors and as such adopt an Education is the schools job attitude. It is also understood that language has had a negative affect on the working classs academic attainment. Professor Basil Bernstein has shown that the middle and lower classes use different patterns of speech. He called these patterns linguistic codes. According to Bernstein, most middle class children have been socialised in both restricted and elaborate codes, and are fluent in each. Whereas working class children are limited to the restricted code. Since teachers tend to be middle class and use the elaborate code, working class pupils are placed at a distinct disadvantage. There is also explanation for underachievement to be found in the hidden curriculum of a working class teacher, that is the subliminal messages he passes to children without intention. The cultural depravation theory states that children in the bottom classes are deprived of important values, attitudes, experiences and skills which are essential to educational success, (Haralambos et al, 2004, p102). This has been strongly criticised and there is evidence that if class differences in culture exist, they are slight and of little significance.

Depression Among Homebound Older Adults Essay -- Depression and the El

Introduction According to the U.S. census bureau older adults are an important and rapidly growing segment of the United States’ population. There are about 40 million older adults aged 65 and older residing in Unites States and it is projected to be more than double by 2050(Population Reference Bureau, 2015). This projection is due to advancement in health care facilities and better education (Population Reference Bureau, 2015). As people age they face various physical, psychological and social roles changes which affects their quality of life. More specifically, the transitions associated with later life like retirement, medical problems, death of a loved ones, reduced social networks leads to depression in aging population (National Alliance on Mental Illness, 2009). It is seen that depression is one of the most common mental disorder among adults aged 65 and older (National Alliance on Mental Illness, 2009).Depression is associated with anxiety and suffering that can lead to physical, mental, and social impairments. The presence of depressive disorders often negatively impact the course and complicates the treatment of other chronic diseases too (National Alliance on Mental Illness, 2009).According to National Alliance of Mental Illness there are more than two million of the 40 million Americans age 65 and older who suffer from some form of depression (National Alliance of Mental Illness (NAMI), 2009). Additionally, in the epidemiological and other community-based studies it was found that older adults who are homebound due to multiple chronic illness and disability suffered from depressive symptoms more than those who are able to walk around without assistive device (Choi,Sire & Bruce,2013).Homebound older adults are... ...erapy for late life Depression. Society of biological psychiatry, 52: 293-303. Forsman, A.K., & Nordmyr, J. (2011). Psychosocial interventions for the promotion of mental health and the prevention of depression among older adults. Health promotion international, Vol.26 No.SI Ayalon, L., Fialova, D., Arean, P.A. et al. (2010). Challenges associated with the recognition and treatment of depression in older recipients of home care services. International Psychogeriatric, 22:4, 514-522 Duckworth.(2009).MentalIllness.Retrievedfrom: http://www.nami.org/Template.cfm?Section=By_Illness&template=/ContentManagement/ContentDisplay.cfm&ContentID=7515 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and National Association of Chronic Disease Directors (2009). The State of Mental Health and Aging in America. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/aging/pdf/mental_health_brief_2.pdf

Article Summary: Why Did the Bank of Canada Emerge in 1935?

Wednesday, October 5, 2011 HIST 113: Article Summary: Why did the Bank of Canada Emerge in 1935? The article, Why did the Bank of Canada Emerge in 1935, written by Micheal Bordo and Angela Redish, discusses the creation of the Bank of Canada in 1935. In a time where other westernized countries had already existing central banking systems, this article questions why the Bank of Canada emerged in 1935, and the authors question why it even emerged at all. The article looks at three major reasons for the creation of the Bank of Canada.It emerged because it was just another process in the evolution of the banking system; it was a substitute for the Gold Standard, and that political pressures/influences that surrounded it. The authors attempt to disprove the first two reasons, contrary to what many economists have claimed as reasons for the creation of a central bank in Canada, and offer evidence to support the claim that the Bank of Canada emerged due to political pressures. ?First, econo mists have assumed that the Bank of Canada came about in 1935 due the evolutionary process of the banking system.In many countries, a central bank is considered a â€Å"lender of last resort† to provide aid to citizens in times of liquidity crises and financial difficulty, enhancing a sense of control and balances of risks. The authors ague that this is not an acceptable argument, since the Bank of Canada rather came about as a favor to government. During the 1900’s, Canada had various banking institutions, with the Bank of Montreal being one in particular. It was able to fulfill some of the duties that a central bank would normally do.In addition, the concept of nationwide banking minimized the impact that liquidity and uncertainty had on consumer confidence and risks of crises. As a result, the emergence of the Bank of Canada was not influenced by its natural process of evolution, since institutions and services existed that fulfilled some of the responsibilities tha t a central bank would have. ? The second reason attributed to the emergence of the Bank of Canada was that it served as an important service to maintain convertibility to the gold standard.With the removal of the gold standard in Canada, the Bank of Canada would serve as an anchor to the money supply, the price level, and the exchange rate in its absence. With this in mind, a central bank with the ability to control money supply would yield differences in the way prices behaved without a central bank; therefore, data would reveal fluctuations in regression residuals for the time period near 1935, when the Bank of Canada emerged. However, empirical time-series data, looking back from 1920 to 1940, shows that macroeconomic variables were affected very little.In fact, any time eras where there are fluctuations in the data can be attributed to other events and circumstances. The third reason attributing for the emergence of the Bank of Canada was due to political forces that acted upon it. Due to the effect of the Great Depression, trust in the traditional market was decreased on domestic level. Citizens had less faith in traditional market system mechanisms and this left a requirement for the government to provide institutions and services.Pressures from the influence of the global community pushed for the emergence of a central bank because international monetary cooperation was said to be dependent on the existence of Central Banks. In addition, due to Canada’s recent independence from Britain in 1931, the emergence of the bank was a part of a general program to create more sovereign institutions to help Canada create its own identity. A banking system, where decisions regarding money supply were made independently by Canada, was something that emphasized sovereignty.

Bio Ecological Model of Human Development Essay

The bio ecological model of human development has four basic systems. The four basic systems are macrosystems, exosystems, microsystems, and mesosystems. I will summarize the four systems and how the influences have on a child’s development. I will describe how the four systems in the model differ from oneother. I will provide examples of the four systems of their relationships and interactions with one another. A microsystem: a relationship and activity that experienced by a developed person in immediate environments like family, school, peer group, community and media. Family provides affection, nurturance, and opportunities. School is a formal learning environment. Peer groups help with experiences in independences, companionship, support, cooperation, and a role to take. Community helps children learn how to do by watching people work. Media helps provided the view of the world. Mesosystem: an interrelationship and linkage between two or more person in a microsystem that compromise of connections between immediate environments likes a child’s home and school. The impact on a child depends on the number of interrelationships. Exosystem: a setting that children do not participate, but it does affect one of their microsystems. Read more:Â  Factors that influence child develop Also, their external environmental setting indirectly affects the development like a parent’s workplace. An example: a low-income family would have to get food stamps, Medicaid, and or TANF. My family is part of this system because my family gets food stamps and Medicaid. We had to fight for the help though. Macrosystem: a society and subculture that belongs to a developing person with certain beliefs, lifestyles, interactions, and changes in their live that consist of a larger cultural context of national economy, political culture, and subculture. Examples of macrosystems are family planning services and affordability of contraceptives which can influence teen pregnancy and birth rates. Young women are taking to the Planned Parenthood in their area to get birth control pills to prevent teenage pregnancy. According to Hall; there are two classifications of macrosystems; low and high context. Low-context macrosystem concise of progress, practicality, competition, and rationality. Examples: communication and relationships of social and natural environment. High-context macrosystem are concise of group identity, tradition, intuitiveness, and emotionality. Example of high-context macrosystem is adaptively. The ecological model’s most basic unit of analysis in the microsystem is the immediate settings, including role relationships and activities. Microsystem mostly of the family, but as they grow and are exposed to day care, preschool classes, and neighborhood playmates, the system becomes more complex. Microsystems are dynamic contexts for development because of the bi-directional influences individuals impart on each other. Many micro-level determinants of health affecting early child development investigated and proposed. Factors like nutrition, shelter, hygiene, stimulation, support, attachment, and parenting style, investigated and correlated with later outcomes. The relative quality and/or quantity can have either positive or negative effects on health. On a practical level, the amount of parent involvement in the child’s education related to children’s educational achievement (Canadian Council on Social Development, 1997), and the specific language and cultural practices of the family, such as the amount of time spent reading together (Bus, van IJzendoorn, & Pellegrini, 1995) can have effects on the development of individual capacities. Similarly, family arrangement, constitution, and the amount of contact with extended family can affect child development through the kinds of interactive opportunities these arrangements provide (Hernandez, 1997). There are also two of the most important factors of children’s social functioning are parents’ psychiatric health and marital status. These two factors explain much of the variability in children’s social and emotional competence (Goodman, Brogan, Lynch, & Fielding, 1993; Kershner & Cohen, 1992; Kochanska & Kuczynski, 1991; Miller, Cowan, Cowan, Hetherington, & Clingempeel, 1993). The risk factors associated with behavioral and emotional disorders in children linked to parental variables such as single parenthood, marital separation, young motherhood, poor family relations, and maternal mental health symptoms (Sameroff & Fiese, 2000; Williams, Anderson, McGee, & Silva, 1990). The presence of one or more of these risk factors compounds the risk for poor social functioning of children. The mesosystem: the second of Bronfenbrenner’s environmental layers, and refers to the interrelationships among different microsystem levels, such as home, school, and peer group settings. For instance, what happens at home influences at school and in turn what are in the school environment will likely influence family interactions? Specifically, parents’ involvement within the school in conjunction with teachers’ involvement with families represent mesosystem functioning. In addition, the community expected to affect distal family processes, and a family’s ability to provide the necessary support for their child. He will also focus on factors such as physical safety, problems in the neighborhood, and neighbors and examine their links to children’s prosaically skills. The third environmental layer of the model in the exosystem consists of the contexts that children cannot a part of but does influence their development. For example, decisions by the school boards and parents’ workplaces do not include the child but may influence and impact the child’s development. A school board sets the educational policies that can relevant to the child reflective of exosystem influences. The school board would adopt a policy that states that children with disabilities go into special classes. This may affect that child’s academic and social progress. The policies do set by parents’ employers’ maybe impact a child’s development. Where parent’s leaves may not allow flexible work hours may not an option. Parents’ availability to their child can influence a child’s development (Fagan & Wise, 2001; Thomas & Grimes, 1995). The outer layer of the ecological model in the macrosystem layers composed of the cultural source that influences most of the child’s immediate experience but impacts the child through attitudes, practices, and convictions shared in society. The most distant or macro-level wealth of the nation or region and how the wealth distributed among the people. The variables can be more distant because there effects are more outrages. The individual and population level of the environmental predictor of health and developmental outcomes because some of the measure of relative affluences socio-economic status. According to the National Forum on Health: Determinants of Health Working Group Synthesis report (1997), child poverty, unemployment, youth underemployment, involuntary retirement, labor force restructuring, cuts in social programs, decreases in real income, income inequities, the disintegration of communities as we once knew them, single parenthood, and the ever-increasing pressures of work on families and all factors that determine population health. The more equitable a society, the more widely shared feelings of self-esteem and control, the more empowered its members, and the better overall health status. Conclusion, we have yet to confront the reality that the growing chaos in the lives of our children, youth, and families today simultaneously pervades too many of the principal settings in which we live our daily lives in the family, health care systems, child care arrangements, peer groups, schools, neighborhoods, the workplace, and means of transportation and communication between them.

Petco Park vs Fenway Park

Petco Park vs Fenway Park Free Online Research Papers In the major league of baseball there are many stadiums, all which are different and special in some kind of way. The home of the San Diego Padres is Petco Park. The home of the Boston Red Sox is Fenway Park. There are many differences between the two stadiums and how they became what they are today. Petco Park is a brand new stadium for the Padres. The park opened for its opening game in 2004. It can seat about 43,000 people plus an extra 2,500 people in the park area behind centerfield. This brand new park is a little bit bigger than their old field, Qualcomm Stadium, which they moved out of at the end of the 2003 season. Padres did not start in Qualcomm Stadium either. They started in Lane Field at Broadway Pier, and then in 1958 they were moved to Westgate Park in Mission Valley. Then, Jack Murphy made a proposal to make a new stadium which was called San Diego Stadium. It was also the home of the San Diego Chargers of the NFL. Later it was named Jack Murphy stadium because he got the stadium started and renovated it even more. It was then called Qualcomm when that business bought the grounds around the ballpark. â€Å"Considering that Petco Park nearly failed to reach construction phase due to strong community opposition and scandal, the ballpark has overcome some signific ant challenges to climb the ladder of success, although promised development surrounding the ballpark remains something of an uncertainty†(Reichard, 1). The ballpark district, which is the area around Petco, is still under construction for more development on the way to improve the park. The park construction was halted because of insufficient funds to build the stadium, but after money was set aside for the stadium, construction was started up again and the park was on its way. It was finished and ready to play in on February 18, 2004. The Padres were ready for their new stadium because they did not like sharing their field with the Chargers for football. Petco Park gives the fans a variety of spots to sit. The fans can sit right on field level and as far up as the nosebleeds. The fans have to pay a little bit extra for the special areas. The average price for tickets is anywhere from fifteen to forty dollars. â€Å"Ultimately, Petco Park manages to accomplish the rare feat of catering not only to the fan focused entirely on the game, but also the visitor interested in the overall experience†( Reichard, 3). This brand new stadium has yet to see a world series; the Padres have come close to it, but not quite close enough. They just lost their series against the St. Louis Cardinals to make it to the playoffs this year. In the case of the Red Sox, they have been in Fenway since 1912. It opened on April 20, 1912. Before Fenway was built they played at Huntington Avenue Grounds. Fenway has been renovated many times to keep the field in good shape and to make it better for the fans. In the left field of Fenway Park there is a huge wall called the green monster, which the hitters face every time they play there. It used to be a big feat to hit a home run over the 37 foot wall which is 310 ft. away from the plate; these days hitters can hit them over the wall if they get the sweet spot of the bat. On the green monster there is a manual scoreboard that is still used today. There are electronic scoreboards around the field, but the manual one is still used. â€Å"Behind the manual scoreboard is a room where the walls are covered with signatures of players who have played at Fenway Park over the years. Also, the initials TAY and JRY, for Tom Yawkey and Jean Yawkey, appear in Morse code in two vertical str ipes on the scoreboard†(Fenway Facts, 2). There are many nicknames given to parts of Fenway Park. There is Duffy’s Cliff; this was a ten foot mound that reached from the left field foul pole to center field. It was named this because the left fielder for Boston was Duffy Lewis and he mastered the skill of running up hill to catch the ball. The Green Monster is the huge wall in left field. It gets its name from its looks. In the right field bleachers there is one seat that is painted red. That is where the longest home run was hit, 502 ft by Ted Williams. â€Å"Legend says that the ball crashed through the straw hat of the man sitting in the seat - Section 42, Row 37, Seat 21† (Fenway Facts, 2). New fields and old fields, what is the difference? There is plenty of difference. All new fields are up to date with technology and new ways to make parks better for fans. Old fields are boring and there is nothing to them. The brand new Petco Park has many fun things in it. Behind centerfield wall there is a sand area for little kids and their parents to watch the game. The fence is see through so that the little ball fans can see the game while playing around in the sand. In those seats the fan sits right on field level so that it is like the individual is in the game. That is also how Fenway is a little bit. The stands along Fenway are really close to the foul lines to bring the viewers closer to the game. â€Å"Today, the average seat in Fenway Park is closer to the field than in any other Major League baseball park. This feel of intimacy is readily apparent to Fenway Park visitors and adds to its uniqueness. It is for this reason that Fenway has been referred to as the best pl ace in the world to watch a baseball game(Save Fenway Park, 1). Fenway Park is the oldest major league park still in operation in the country. â€Å"Many baseball teams are looking to replace their symmetrical, Astroturf-covered, multipurpose mega-stadiums built in the 1960s and 1970s (such as Pittsburghs Three Rivers Stadium and Seattles Kingdome) with retro-style, single-use baseball parks that emulate the irregular field configuration and wall heights, urban setting, and overall intimacy of Fenway Park. In fact, Fenway was looked to as a model for the vanguards of these newer parks: Oriole Park at Camden Yards in Baltimore and Jacobs Field in Cleveland. As other â€Å"classic† baseball parks disappear, including Comiskey Park in Chicago and Tiger Stadium in Detroit, the opportunity to experience a Major League baseball game in an authentic traditional setting is quickly fading away†(Save Fenway Park, 3). Cal Ripken Jr. says it well in this little paragraph about th e feeling of playing on these old authentic fields, â€Å"The thing that I remember the most is just the feeling you get when you walk out on that field (at Fenway Park). All of the ballparks, especially the new ones, and Camden Yards, I guess, started the trend, try to capture in the modern sense the feeling of Fenway Park. Its just a great feeling to be able to play baseball on that field. Its a special place† (Young, 1). Many players like to play on the old fields because all the old time legends have played on them. Then again, it is fun on all the new fields like Petco Park because there are more fans going ballistic for their team and they get to try to become the legends of these new fields and set records and go down in the history with those fields. Some of the new ballparks are getting bigger and harder to play in though. The fences are getting deeper and new configurations of the fields are getting crazier. Petco Park has one of the deepest fences in the major league and the fence line is shaped the most unusual out of many other fields. Fenway also has a different configuration for there fence with the way it wraps around the field and the height differences of the fence going around the outfield. There are many differences between Petco and Fenway, but there are some similarities too. There is a little history about Fenway and what has gone on through all the years it has been played in. The very first year it opened, the Red Sox won the World Series. From then until 2006 they have won six World Series. They could have won seven, but no one knows for sure because the Giants refused to play in the World Series that year in 1904. Petco has no history at all yet; it is in its second season of play and both years the Padres almost made it to the World Series both seasons. Many stadiums in the Major League of baseball are old and new. Some are similar and some are completely different. These two stadiums have a great background behind them. Fenway has come far from the year 1912, and the Padres they have come far with all there different stadiums. Petco Park is now the home of the Padres and it is one of the nicest brand new ball fields of this era. These stadiums have there own unique and significant values to them. They have their differences and have become two of the greatest fields to play on and to be in. Bibliography Ballpark History. Library ThinkQuest. 06 Mar. 2000. 10 Oct. 2006 . Blau, Clifford. A Comparison of AL and NL Park Factors, 1913-1975. Mysite. 10 Oct. 2006 . Fenway Facts. Boston.Redsox. Jan. 2001. 10 Oct. 2006 . Fenway Park Stadium. MLB-Teams. Feb. 2003. 10 Oct. 2006 . Petco Park. San Diego Ballpark. 22 Mar. 2006. Major League Baseball. 10 Oct. 2006 . Qualcomm Stadium. Ballparks of Baseball. 2003. 10 Oct. 2006 . Reichard, Kevin. Ballpark Digest- Petco Park/ San Diego Padres. Ballpark Watch. 10 Oct. 2006 . Schoenherr. Padres Baseball History Timeline. History.Acusd. 7 Aug. 2004. 10 Oct. 2006 . The Significance of Fenway Park. Save Fenway Park. 25 May 2001. 10 Oct. 2006 . Young, Geisler. Fenway Park. Baseball-Almanac. Sept. 2000. 10 Oct. 2006 Research Papers on Petco Park vs Fenway ParkThe Hockey GameMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductLifes What IfsThe Fifth HorsemanBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationDefinition of Export QuotasHip-Hop is ArtNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2

The Regents of the University of California v. Bakke

The Regents of the University of California v. Bakke The Regents of the University of California v. Allan Bakke (1978), was a landmark case decided by the United States Supreme Court. The decision had historical and legal significance because it upheld affirmative action, declaring that race could be one of several determining factors in college admission policies, but rejected the use of racial quotas. Fast Facts: Regents of the University of California v. Bakke Case Argued: Oct. 12, 1977Decision Issued: June 26, 1978Petitioner: Regents of the University of CaliforniaRespondent: Allan Bakke, a 35-year-old white man who had applied twice for admission to the University of California Medical School at Davis and was rejected both timesKey Question: Did the University of California violate the 14th Amendments Equal Protection Clause, and the Civil Rights Act of 1964, by practicing an affirmative action policy that resulted in the repeated rejection of Bakkes application for admission to its medical school?Majority Decision: Justices Burger, Brennan, Stewart, Marshall, Blackman, Powell, Rehnquist, StevensDissenting: Justice WhiteRuling: The Supreme Court upheld affirmative action, ruling that race could be one of several determining factors in college admission policies, but it rejected the use of racial quotas as unconstitutional. Case History In the early 1970s, many colleges and universities across America were in the beginning stages of making major changes to their admissions programs in an effort to diversify the student body by increasing the number of minority students on campus. This effort was particularly challenging due to the 1970s massive increase of students applying to medical and law schools. It increased the competition and negatively impacted the efforts to create campus environments that promoted equality and diversity. Admission policies that relied predominantly on candidates grades and test scores was an unrealistic approach for the schools that wanted to increase the minority population on campus.   Dual Admission Programs In 1970, the University of California Davis School of Medicine (UCD) was receiving 3,700 applicants for a mere 100 openings. At the same time, UCD administrators were committed to working with an affirmative action plan often referred to as a quota or set-aside program. It was set up with two admissions programs in order to increase the number of disadvantaged students admitted to the school.  There was the regular admissions program and the special admissions program.Each year 16 out of 100 places were reserved for disadvantaged students and minorities including (as stated by the university), blacks, Chicanos, Asians, and American Indians. Regular Admissions Program Candidates who quailed for the regular admissions program had to have an undergraduate grade point average (GPA) above 2.5. Some of the qualifying candidates were then interviewed. Those who passed were given a score based on their performance on the Medical College Admissions Test (MCAT), science grades, extracurricular activities, recommendations, awards and other criteria that made up their benchmark scores. An admissions committee would then make a decision on which candidates would be accepted into the school. Special Admissions Program Candidates accepted into the special admissions programs were minorities or those who were economically or educationally disadvantaged. The special admissions candidates did not have to have a grade point average above 2.5 and they did not compete with the benchmark scores of the regular admission applicants.   From the time that the dual admissions program was implemented the 16 reserved spots were filled by minorities, despite the fact that many white applicants applied for the special disadvantaged program. Allan Bakke In 1972, Allan Bakke was a 32-year-old white male working as an engineer at NASA, when he decided to pursue his interest in medicine. Ten years earlier, Bakke had graduated from the University of Minnesota with a degree in mechanical engineering and a grade-point average of 3.51 out of 4.0 and was asked to join the national mechanical engineering honor society. He then joined the U.S. Marine Corps for four years which included a seven-month combat tour of duty in Vietnam. In 1967, he became a captain and was given an honorable discharge. After leaving the Marines he went to work for National Aeronautics and Space Agency (NASA) as a research engineer.   Bakke continued going to school and in June 1970, he earned his masters degree in mechanical engineering, but despite this, his interest in medicine continued to grow. He was missing some of chemistry and biology courses required for admission into medical school so he attended night classes at San Jose State University and Stanford University. He completed all the prerequisites and had an overall GPA of 3.46. During this time he worked part-time as a volunteer in the emergency room at El Camino Hospital in Mountain View, California. He scored an overall 72 on the MCAT, which was three points higher than the average applicant to UCD and 39 points higher than the average special program applicant. In 1972, Bakke applied to UCD. His biggest concern was being rejected due to his age. He had surveyed 11 medical schools; all who said that he was over their their age limit. Age discrimination was not an issue in the 1970s. In March he was invited to interview with Dr. Theodore West who described Bakke as a very desirable applicant who he recommended.  Two months later, Bakke received his rejection letter. Angered by how the special admissions program was being managed, Bakke contacted his lawyer, Reynold H. Colvin, who prepared a letter for Bakke to give to the medical schools chairman of the admissions committee, Dr. George Lowrey. The letter, which was sent in late May, included a request that Bakke was placed on the wait-list and that he could register during the fall of 1973 and take courses until an opening became available. When Lowrey failed to reply, Covin prepared a second letter in which he asked the chairman if the special admissions program was an illegal racial quota. Bakke was then invited to meet with Lowreys assistant, 34-year-old Peter Storandt so that the two could discuss why he was rejected from the program and to advise him to apply again. He suggested that if he was rejected again he may want to take UCD to court; Storandt had a few names of lawyers that could possibly help him if he decided to go in that direction. Storandt was later disciplined and demoted for displaying unprofessional behavior when meeting with Bakke. In August 1973, Bakke applied for early admission into UCD. During the interview process, Lowery was the second interviewer. He gave Bakke an 86 which was the lowest score Lowery had given out that year. Bakke received his second rejection letter from UCD at the end of September 1973. The following month, Colvin filed a complaint on Bakkes behalf with HEWs Office of Civil Rights, but when HEW failed to send a timely response, Bakke decided to move forward. On June 20, 1974, Colvin brought suit on behalf of Bakke in Yolo County Superior Court. The complaint included a request that UCD admit Bakke into its program because the special admissions program rejected him because of his race. Bakke alleged that the special admissions process violated the U.S. Constitutions Fourteenth Amendment, the California Constitutions article I, section 21, and Title VI of the 1964 Civil Rights Act.   UCDs counsel filed a cross-declaration and asked the judge to find that the special program was constitutional and legal. They argued that Bakke would not have been admitted even if there had been no seats set aside for minorities.   On November 20, 1974, Judge Manker found the program unconstitutional and in violation of Title VI, no race or ethnic group should ever be granted privileges or immunities not given to every other race. Manker did not order to admit Bakke to UCD, but rather that the school reconsiders his application under a system that did not make determinations based on race. Both Bakke and the university appealed the judges ruling. Bakke because it was not ordered that he be admitted to UCD and the university because the special admissions program was ruled unconstitutional.   Supreme Court of California Due to the seriousness of the case, the Supreme Court of California ordered that the appeals be transferred to it. Having gained a reputation as being one of the most liberal appellate courts, it was assumed by many that it would rule on the side of the university. Surprisingly, the court upheld the lower-court ruling in a six to one vote. Justice Stanley Mosk wrote, No applicant may be rejected because of his race, in favor of another who is less qualified, as measured by standards applied without regard to race.   The lone dissenter, Justice Matthew O. Tobriner wrote, It is anomalous that the Fourteenth Amendment that served as the basis for the requirement that elementary and secondary schools be compelled to integrate should now be turned around to forbid graduate schools from voluntarily seeking that very objective. The court ruled that the university could no longer use race in the admissions process. It ordered that the university provide proof that Bakkes application would have been rejected under a program that was not based on race. When the university admitted that it would be unable to provide the proof, the ruling was amended to order Bakkes admission into the medical school.   That order, however, was stayed by U.S. Supreme Court in November 1976, pending the outcome of the petition for a writ of certiorari to be filed by the Regents of the University of California to the U.S. Supreme Court. The university filed a petition for writ of certiorari the following month.

Brand Building Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Brand Building - Essay Example Brand image is developed with time through strategies such as promotional campaigns and maintaining a consistent theme such as superior quality (Kotler & Keller, 2005). Conversely, brand image can only be authenticated by customers’ direct experiences. Therefore, proper segmentation, positioning and targeting are imperative to ensure that customers appreciate the company’s brand image. The purpose of this paper is to consider the renowned Samsung brand, discussing various strategies through which the company develops and maintains its position in the market. Part 1 The Samsung brand is one of the most renowned international brands. The Samsung brand encompasses a number of subsidiaries and affiliated businesses, which operate under the Samsung Group, a South Korean conglomerate headquartered in Seoul’s Samsung Town. Steve, who is a close friend, is an extremely loyal customer of the Samsung brand (Kotler & Keller, 2005). From his cell phone to his television and other technological devices, Steve only trusts the Samsung brand. According to Steve, his loyalty to the Samsung brand can be attributed to the company’s robust brand building activities. Steve argues that Samsung’s frequency programs and brand image building activities sustain his loyalty to the brand. ... Steve gave an instance of when his Samsung Galaxy Tablet experienced audio difficulties and upon taking it to a Samsung service centre, the problem was fixed almost instantly at no cost. Therefore, Samsung maintains and reinforces its positive brand image, thus maintaining the loyalty of customers such as Steve. Trust plays a pivotal role in enhancing attitudinal and behavioural loyalty to the Samsung brand (Clottey, Collier & Stodnick, 2008). Since Steve trusts Samsung products, as well as the brand’s positive image, he believes that Samsung’s competitive brands such as Toshiba, Sony and Nokia are relatively unreliable, particularly with regard to the quality of their products, as well as after sales services such as servicing, repair and maintenance. Steve also believes that certain competitive brands are targeted at specific markets such as Asian markets in the case of Toshiba products. Based on Steve’s assertions, it is clear that Samsung’s brand equit y is extremely strong, thus the Samsung brand is one of the company’s most valuable assets, which consequently enhances the financial value of the company (Jensen & Hansen, 2006). Elements of the Samsung brand that speak to its extensive brand equity include customer recognition of visual elements such the Samsung logo, as well as recognition of the brand’s values such as quality. The brand has, therefore, been able to position itself positively in the customer’s mind. The superior quality of Samsung products and the effectiveness of its frequency products make the brand preferable to customers within the target market. Part 2 According to Kotler & Keller (2005) segmentation entails dividing the market into small groups or

U.S. Intervention in Panama Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

U.S. Intervention in Panama - Essay Example This of course is a tapestry of stories that was later on exposed, together with the hubris of a presidency that did not want to be humiliated. Manuel Noriega swiftly came to power after a series of effective endeavors that included among other things being a confidant of no less than the United States government. He had strong ties with the government by proving himself a worthy ally and asset during the tension between the US and the then equally powerful USSR. Throughout the feud, Noriega became a trusted source that his link to the country was directly through the Central Intelligence Agency that was headed by George H. W. Bush himself. Noriega came to power with his strong U.S. support after the death of Omar Torrijos which was just in time after he no longer has the superpower’s favour. Manuel Noriega remained included in the payroll of the agency and this very influence has led him to amass the confidence of many important people that apparently included drug dealers in lieu of their exportation transactions. He â€Å"was seen as a valuable "asset," as a ruthless man whose loyalty could be bought, who would do whatever was needed to serve U.S. interests† (Revcom.us). ... The Panama Canal serves as the gateway to a greater presence in South America and directly to Asia. Originally under the control of Colombia, the United States grabbed control in the early 1900s and established bases in it. After the Second World War the SOUTHCOM, responsible for intelligence and other schemes, created its epicenter there. Led by the tyrannical government of Noriega the suffering of the people Panama and especially of American residents was used to justify the need for his deposition. Among other things, â€Å"He was involved in drug trafficking, arms smuggling, money laundering, and the ruthless oppression of his people. He also systematically violated the American-Panamanian Canal treaties and harassed U.S. forces and institutions in Panama† (Gilboa, p.539). The media played an important role in the execution of Operation Just Cause as utilized advantageously by the Bush government and it was the same venue that candidly exposed the controversies of the issu e. It is by the very image of the president as a ‘wimp’ because of his inability to deal with the Panamanian dictator despite serious allegations of drug trafficking and other oppressions that further agitated George H.W. Bush’s presidency. The final thread that validated the Panama invasion and its popular acceptance was the death of a Marine Lieutenant which was depicted as a definitive demonstration of unprovoked oppression. But this claim was soon probed by the media such as the Los Angeles Times that exposed that the marine actually belonged to a rogue group whose primary function was to rouse trouble that will ultimately provoke the PDF. This group, called ‘Hard Chargers,’ systematically engaged in acts and stratagems that will agitate the Panama